Abstract:Behavioral Sciences refer to any subject which explores human behavior in natural and social environments using scientific methods. In the past half century, many behavioral science research organizations were established around the world and research work in many fields were carried out. In the current era of information explosion and economic globalization, behavioral sciences face challenges from two areas: individual and organizational behavior adaptation in information society; cultural conflict and integration caused by economic globalization. The scientific circles of the United States have declared 2000-2010 as the "Decade of Behavior". China should reinforce behavioral scientific research. This paper also gives a prospective view of the developmental trends of behavioral sciences in the 21 century.