Abstract:Contradiction between water supply and water demand in China is significant, and the developing trend is very serious. Actually enhancing integrating management of water resources, improving utilization efficiency of water resources, and building science & technology supporting system to guarantee water resources security will be directly related to the whole situation of China’s future development to build a well-to-do society. Countermeasures are suggested: (1) formulating national planning of China’s water resources security in the 21st Century as quickly as possible; (2)strengthening the building of sciences & technology foundation platform and sciences & technology supporting capacity for national water security; (3)strengthening key water issue research and scientific argumentation for key large water projects; (4) conducting institutional reform and system innovation of integrated management of water resources in the river valleys by breaking division of different administrational departments & regions, and (5) implementing case study of water saving in the regions of the Huanghe River (the Yellow River), Huaihe River and Haihe River to promote the construction of China’s resources saving society.