Abstract:Chinese people became aware of the significance of science and technology as early as 100 years ago.The Qing Empire was overthrown in 1911,followed by China’s civil wars and the War of Resistance against the Japanese invasion that had lasted for nearly 50 years.The genuine science and technology development was not originated until the founding of the People’s Republic of China.China’s science and technology policies have been constantly changing along with the change of the political and economic situation.This paper mainly describes the progress and status quo of China’s science & technology and education after China started its reform and opening up in 1978.The author notes that the beginning of China’s industrialization came 150 years later than Europe and United States while the development of science and technology was 200 years later. Although there has been significant progress over recent 30 years,it will still take another 5 decades for the Chinese people to forge an overall well-to-do society and a nation boasting of advanced science and technology As part of its efforts in building independent innovation capacity towards the goal of sustainable development, China will spare no effort in its self-development and cultivate its strength in a down-to-earth manner with a view to learning from developed countries in the area of science.Only in this way could China make late-coming contributions to science and technology shared by the entire mankind.