Abstract:Aeolian desertification is land degradation mainly characterized by wind erosion in arid, semiarid and sub-humid regions resulting from the excessive human activities on natural resources.The Aeolian Desertification Science is the science which studies aeolian desertification processes, taking the areas where sand-blown activities are the dominant disaster phenomena as the whole Ecology-Environment-Society-Economy complex.In this paper the author firstly introduces the advances on aeolian desertification research both at home and abroad;then combining the existing problem in this research field in China, brings forward the leading academic train of thought, research methods and research priorities for the aeolian desertification research in the near future, with a view to better serve the further implementation of the grand western development program of China, i.e., more effectively preventing and controlling aeolian desertification, promoting the harmonious development of regional socio-economy, and restoring the ecological environment to a greater extent, and so on.