Abstract:This paper discusses backgrounds,scientific issues,action plans and strategies in relation to ex situ plant conservation,particularly germplasm banking as an insurance policy against extinction .Germplasm banking approach enables the conservation of thousands of wild species of plants.The assumptions,costs,risks and scientific challenges associated with ex situ plant conservation depend on the species,the methods employed and the desired storage time.Relatively widespread evidence of less than expected longevity at conventional seed bank temperatures,innovations in the cryopreservation of recalcitrant-seeded species and economic comparators provide compelling evidence that ultra-cold storage should be adopted for the long-term conservation of plants.