Abstract:To meet the serious challenges of agricultural and environmental problems in China,this paper discusses the movement and transfer of organic materials among the four essential systems: Plants,Animals,Soils and Microorganisms were studied in this paper.Our studies revealed that the movement and transfer lead to two cycles,and each of them has its own steady direction.We called them the basic cycles of the nature.In the recent 100 years of industrial booming,the functionalities of microorganisms among the four systems have been ignored.The microorganism system has been damaged and the two basic cycles in the nature are severely tipped,which caused many serious problems in the agriculture and the environment all around the world,especially in China.This article provides a proposal for restoring the microorganism system and the basic cycles in the nature.It is our hope that,China will adopt "Microbial Agriculture" so that Chinese agriculture will have a highly efficient and sustainable growth in the future.