Abstract:Modern brain imaging technology offers scientists an opportunity never happened before, at the temporal-spatial scale of 0.5 second and 3 millimeters, to tackle whole brain functional activity of the human brain in vivo. With no doubt, it calls us to revisit the ‘brain-mind association (BMA)’, an old but mysterious topic being for long time. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) has developed rapidly since described in its seminal study nearly two decades ago. Recently, R-fMRI has been employed to explore the BMA and gained some findings. My task with this paper is to give a brief review on these initial explorations and to introduce the framework of human functional connectome. Similar to genome-wide association studies (GWAS), connectome-wide association studies (CWAS) was recommended as the key methodological framework on decoding the relationships between brain-mind and brain-disease, focusing on the relevant difficulties and solutions. The human brain CWAS request an international union of scientists from different countries to reach a successful discovery and open science. China has played a critical role of developing novel methodology for initial CWAS discovery. In future, research institutes and universities, especially, Chinese Academy of Sciences should strengthen various interdisciplinary research training programs and contribute to establishing an analytic and methodological standard of CWAS.