Abstract:This review article discusses the relationships between ecology and ecological civilization, describes the conflicted behaves with ecological civilization, and documents the ecological ways to construct ecological civilization. Ecological science is closely coupled with Ecological Civilization Construction (ECC); the former is a scientific base of the latter, while ECC provides opportunities and platforms for the former. The major behaves that conflict with ecological civilization include polluting environments, over-using nature, over-consuming resource, and destroying natural habitats. There are many ways for ECC, such as enhancement of ecological education and ecological popularization, application of ecological knowledge and achievements in national key development projects, participation of ecological experts in administrations of governments and factories/companies, and promotion of research on national ecological strategies, ecological risk assessments, and ecological predictions.