Abstract:Food security is one of the problems in the whole world. As an agricultural country with large population, China’s food security has become a focus issue in the world for a long time. The paper firstly describes the challenge faced in China’s agricultural product and food security by analyzing the two rigid constrains of water use and land cultivation. Then, to solve the issues of agricultural water scarcity and land resources shortage, the regulation strategy are put forward according to the utilization situation of the land cultivation and agricultural water resources. For the land cultivation, the amount of the land cultivation and their product capacity should be rationally protected when the reserve land cultivate are appropriately developed. For the agricultural water resources, the basic measures are provided from the view point of development of water resources and water saving based on the agricultural water cycle process. Namely, all kinds of water resources which may be utilized in agriculture, including the no-runoff water resources and runoff water resources, should be rationally used. At the same time, water resources consumption management should be further strengthened based on the water cycle process. Finally, considering the soil water resources is a core linkage in agricultural water cycle and its low utilization efficiency, the regulating direction of the soil water resources are analyzed in detail based on the soil water resources consumption efficiency.