Abstract:In this paper, the concept and connotation of Agricultural Internet of Things（Agri-IoT）were stated from both narrow sense and broad sense. Using the basic principles of information theory, system theory, and cybernetics, the features of human-machine-object integration, living body digitization, and application system socialization in Agri-IoT were analyzed and summarized. Moreover, the three-whole development theory of whole-factor, whole-system, and whole-process for Agri-IoT was proposed. From the perspective of productivity and the relations of production, the promotions of Agri-IoT on intelligent production, networked business, efficient and transparent management, and convenient service were systematically analyzed. The Agri-IoT development path including theoretical research, practice and exploration, efficiency priority, and innovative development was proposed according to China's actual conditions.