Abstract:South Asia, as one of cradles of the world's four civilization, and the birthplace of religions including Buddhism and Hinduism, its total area is about 5.03 million kilometers, and the population exceeds 1.4 billion in 2009. With around 280 people per square kilometer, South Asia is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. South Asia includes eight countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives. From the geography conditions,South Asia locates in the middle of crescent zonein the outer edge of the Eurasia, holding the strategic water junction leading Asia and Oceania to Europe and Africa, and near the oil region in Persian Gulf, which is of great strategic significance and relates directly to the pathway security of China. In addition, the diversity of ideology also increases the complexity of South Asia area. In recent years, South Asia's economy has developed rapidly. The intersection of global problem and regional tradition contradiction, such as terrorism, energy security, and climate change makes the political, economic, military, diplomacy situation in South Asia more complicated that became a big obstacle for China to build harmony friendship towards neighboring countries. Nowadays, some big countries increased heir infiltration in this area. Since the geographical strategy is very important in South Asia, and affects trading strategy rely on Arabian Sea, it is necessary to strengthen China’s influence in this area from the long-term benefits.Thus, cooperation in science and technology of South Asiahas positive, practical and long-term significance to establish a multilateral relation in other fields, and this should be a priority focus of national geopolitical strategy.