Abstract:Based on DNA nanotechnology, various supramolecular（functional units），which can control the nanostructures accuracy of the atomic level, may achieve information storage, computing, moving, targeted drug delivery, and other functions. With the characteristics of ultra-large-scale parallelism, high-density storage, and low power consumption, information storage and computing models based on DNA nanotechnology are inherently suitable for mass storage and parallel processing of information. Such an elegant computing model inspired people to research and develop various computing models, apply them to traditional cryptography, and discuss the security issues about DNA storage, including key search, information encryption, information hiding, and authentication. This paper reviews the impacts of various computing models based on DNA nanotechnology to traditional cryptography, outlines the methods based on DNA nanotechnology applied to encryption and decryption, authentication and signature. At last, the paper summarizes the existing problems in the DNA nanotechnology-based information security and the prospects of DNA nanotechnology in the field of information security and storage.