Abstract:For the past few years, nucleic acid molecules have drawn a lot of attention in such fields as molecule computing, data storage, information security, etc., due to their huge potential of parallel computing ability,immense information storage density, and ultra-low energy consumption. Particularly, information security technologies such as data hiding, authentication, and encryption using nucleic acids as information carriers, have a brilliant and promising prospect. They are useful complementary to mathematically problematic and conventional cryptography theory. Based on the basic theory introduction of data hiding, authentication, and encryption implemented by nucleic acids, latest international and domestic research achievements are elaborated in this paper, and the suggestions on the development of information security technology based on nucleic acids in China are proposed as well.