Abstract:National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has made a great effort to expand the channels of international cooperation and exchange, and to promote comprehensive, multi-dimensional, high-level, broad and effective international cooperation. NSFC has played an important role in promoting the internationalization of Chinese basic research. To push forward the innovation capability of Chinese basic research and contribute to the goal of establishing an innovative country, NSFC should better utilize the power of international cooperation and explore new patterns and mechanisms to increase substantial cooperation and fully implement its strategy of international cooperation. NSFC should support the cooperation in the field that Chinese scholars hold the leading position to increase the international influences of Chinese basic science. Efforts can be made to initiate international research projects and programs based on outstanding domestic research teams and facilities, continue the support to Chinese researchers participating in important international research scheme, increase the appeal to overseas talents, and establish overseas offices.