Abstract:The development of supercomputing is an important reflection of the comprehensive national strength, also the most important part of the national innovation system. It has become a competing strategic highland in the world, especially in developed countries. Now, all countries have increased their research and development investments in supercomputer. This paper analyzes the development status of China and other countries’ supercomputer industry, particularly the development of Chinese supercomputers. The breakthrough of Chinese supercomputing technology should be mainly attributed to the strong support of national policies. For the supercomputing is characterized by exploration, leading, advance and huge investment, it is quite difficult to ensure its sustainable development through only the market mechanism. Only with the support of the government, could supercomputing achieve a long-term sustainable development, this opinion has been widely recognized by powerful countries in the world. The long-term continuous investment of China in R&D of core supercomputing technologies and the host systems is an important guarantee for the rapid development of Chinese supercomputing industry. While based on actual national conditions, Chinese scientific and technical professionals designate to independent innovations, do not blindly follow foreign techniques, which is another important reason for Chinese leap forward development in supercomputing technology. During the last two decades, Chinese supercomputers have made significant achievements in the perspectives of both independent core technology breakthroughs and the application developments. At present, China has reached a world leading level in supercomputer developments. This paper also introduces the industrialization process of supercomputer product lines of Sugon as a representative enterprise in Chinese supercomputer field. The coordination and consistence between the national scientific research projects and the enterprise products have become an important factor affecting the future trends of China in this field. In this regard, Sugon has successfully set up an excellent example and has drawn the following experiences: the conversion from core techniques to products must be oriented to the market, the enterprise shall play the key role, perfectly combine industry, university, research and application. At this stage, Sugon supercomputers have won many important achievements, such as the first prize and the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, the country’ s top ten scientific and technological progress, etc. Sugon products have been widely applied in aerospace, aviation, energy, electricity, meteorology, biology, finance, defense, and many other fields. The paper summarizes the valuable experiences of China in supercomputing industry, it also analyzes the problems existing in the current development of supercomputers from the following 4 dimensions: lacking of core technology accumulation, lacking of mechanism of sustainable development of supercomputing center, large gap of supercomputing applications, and the shortage of interdisciplinary talent. The paper also offers strategic recommendations on the further development of Chinese supercomputing technology and industry, looks forward into its bright future. From the aspect of government, it is to formulate a long-term development planning for the supercomputer and applications, ensure the continuous investment of the state in supercomputing technology, effectively implement the long-term development mechanism, enhance the support for R&D of supercomputing application software, strengthen education on multidisciplinary personnel with high qualities, provide favorable policies to supercomputing associated industries, promote the formulation of excellent supercomputing environments, and establish a standardization system for supercomputing. From the aspect of business, it is to stick to independent innovation, develop and use core technologies which can be independently controlled, design and manufacture products with state-of-the-art quality, effectively implement applications to play the role of supercomputing in society service, cooperate with colleges and universities to educate multidisciplinary personnel. Silk Road Economic Belt for future efforts, which are（1） initiating special project for basic scientific researches on Silk Road, （2） executing scientific supporting program on Silk Road high-tech industry,（3） implementing supporting program on major construction project and safety,（4） carrying out supporting program on establishment of international think-tank network and cooperative innovation platform and cultural exchange,（5） initiating supporting program on construction of digital Silk Road & informationalization. At last, it ends with five execution proposals, including（1） accelerating the implementation of strategically leading specific scientific projects involving Silk Road Economic Belt,（2） propelling the“First Action” project,（3） enhancing the construction of scientific platforms,（4） promoting international cooperation, and（5） enforcing the construction of think-tank.