Abstract:The cooperative construction of Silk Road Economic Belt（SREB） is a major strategic and long-term plan concerns the benefit of China's opening development and the welfare of the people. It is the basic premise for this strategy to protect the interconnection of key project construction and safety. The interactive infrastructure technology of China has reached the international advanced level with the underlying technology and standard. Green economy and ecological safety technology is technology followers, it needs digestion and absorption of foreign advanced technology. An independent technological system has formed the solid foundation of natural disaster monitoring and warning, it needs to strengthen cooperation and innovation with neighboring countries. Due to broader geographic scope and more complex geographical environment, the key projects construction will face more challenges. Therefore, there is an urgent need for supported scientific and technological innovation to solve real problems. As the highest advisory organization of China's science and technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences should set the task of construction of the SREB as an important starting point for research work. It is suggested that three main directions should be focused on, which are the interactive and infrastructure technology, green economy and ecological safety, natural disaster monitoring and warning, aiming at key science and technology of infrastructure, water resources and ecological agricultural science and technology, green energy and low-carbon city technology, ecological network monitoring technology, and dynamic monitoring and warning of natural disasters. The first batch of demonstration projects will promote action for the science and technology supporting program of the SREB. It is suggested to implement the leading science and technology projects, to encourage respective research institutions to cooperate, to strengthen platform for international collaborative research, and to consult the academician in order to construct the national think-tank.