Abstract:Emission inventory of greenhouse gases represents an important basis for the defining of climate model, making reduction policy, and international negotiation. In 2011, the Chinese Academy of Sciences launched the "Climate Change:Car-bon Budget and Relevant Issues" project(Strategic Priority Research Program), where 4 working packages on emission inventory were designed to establish the emission inventory of China and related parameters. Herein, the main research progresses from these working packages, including "Emissions from energy consumption and cement production","Methane and Nitrous oxide emissions from animal husbandry and land use","Carbon emissions in natural processes", and "'Net emissions'by satellite inversion", are detailed. The results which were published recently in the journal Nature indicated that China's actual CO₂ emission in 2013 is near 15% lower than previously estimated. Future prospective is presented as well according to the necessity of greenhouse gases emissions.