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投稿时间:2015-12-20
投稿时间:2015-12-20
中文摘要: 空间规划不成体系导致规划之间的边界不清、空间规划资源严重浪费、同一区域在短期内被反复规划是当前我国区域治理体系存在的突出问题,这一问题在环渤海、京津冀、首都(圈)表现尤为明显。近 3 年,就部署开展了 3 项规划:环渤海规划、京津冀规划和首都圈规划。文章以中科院长期配合国家和地方在该区域开展的重大规划、就该区域可持续发展开展的咨询项目成果为基础,从空间合理组织的视角,分析3项规划功能定位和主体内容。提出环渤海规划的定位是“概念布局”,顶层设计该空间尺度的区域开发保护总体格局、各次区域之间的关系格局以及该区域尺度上应该实施的管制格局;京津冀规划要解决区域之间、城乡之间、城市之间相互作用和相互影响下所产生的一系列结构问题,通过协同创新实现发展方式、路径和目标的优化调整,促进区域可持续和具有竞争力的发展;首都(圈)规划的核心是如何实施对北京最严格的空间管制,促进功能合理疏解,满足精细管理的需要。最后,在规划立法、提高规划科学性、形成空间规划体系、实施规划监控评估修订制度等方面就完善我国区域治理体系提出了建议。
Abstract:Unclear boundary among planning, and fragmentation at strategic level have become a prominent problem existing in current spatial planning and regional strategies of China. In particular, this problem is even more distinct in Bohai Rim-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Capital (Circle), which all refer to Beijing and its surrounding areas, but the border and the area of the space range is different—Bohai Rim is the largest; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the second; while the Capital(Circle)is the smallest. In the evolution process of China's participation in economic globalization and regional development pattern, the overall deployment of China's territory development made by the capital-based regions has been concerned by the government and the society. Since the 1980's of last century, the central government has deployed six major plans for this area. Among them, there are three plans directing at this area within a short period in recent years, i.e., Bohai Rim Plan, Beijing- Tianjin-Hebei Plan, and Capital(Circle)Plan. From the perspective of rational organization and coordination of planning, the paper analyzes functional boundaries and functional orientations of the above mentioned three plans, on the basis of major national and local planning in the area with long-term support from Chinese Academy of Sciences, as well as consulting project achievements involving sustainable development in this area. To carry out the spatial organization in the spatial scale, population and economic scale of Bohai is relatively unfavorable, which is easy to produce the repetition of the national Major Function-Oriented Zoning(MFOZ) and other upper plan that hard to move forward, or replace the function of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plan and other lower plan. The paper proposes that orientation of Bohai Rim Plan is “conceptual arrangement”, including general regional development and protection layout for top-level design at this spatial scale, relationship pattern among regions at each level, as well as supervision pattern that should be implemented at this regional scale. There is big difference in the regional development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Beijing-Tianjin and other regions are at different development stages. The level of the third industry in Tianjin is too low, how to solve the negative influence of Beijing on the development of the third industrial in Tianjin, and harmonize the cooperation between two cities of Beijing and Tianjin, has become a problem of regional industry cooperation and regional coordination. The proportion of the second industry in Beijing has been very low, but the heavy industry has a large proportion, and the negative effect of resources and environment is still great. To this end, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plan needs to solve a series of structural problems caused by mutual impact among regions, between city and countryside, and among cities. Then it aims to realize regional sustainability and competitive development by optimizing and adjusting development mode, path, and objectives. Because the Bohai Rim Plan and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plan have basically solved the matter of regional significance, Capital(Circle)Plan focuses on how to reasonably organize spatial pattern in Beijing, and meets the needs for refined management. In the end, the paper suggests the regional administration in China in terms of planning legislation, improvement for scientific nature of planning, formation of spatial planning system, as well as implementation of planning supervision, evaluation, and revision system.
keywords: Bohai Rim Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Capital(Circle) spatial planning system spatial organization
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樊杰,周侃,陈东.环渤海-京津冀-首都(圈)空间格局的合理组织[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(1):70-79.
Fan Jie,Zhou Kan,Chen Dong.Reasonable Organization of Spatial Framework for Bohai Rim-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Capital(Circle)[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,31(1):70-79.
樊杰,周侃,陈东.环渤海-京津冀-首都(圈)空间格局的合理组织[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(1):70-79.
Fan Jie,Zhou Kan,Chen Dong.Reasonable Organization of Spatial Framework for Bohai Rim-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Capital(Circle)[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,31(1):70-79.