Abstract:Currently, wind energy has become one of the most promising renewable energies in China. From the current problems of wind power development, the significance of promoting the distributed application of wind energy is pointed out. In the paper, the world-wide development status and policy mechanisms about distributed application of wind energy are analyzed. Then the development status and policy mechanisms in China are contrastively discussed. By contrast, the existing problems and obstacles are illustrated. The development prospects and roadmap of wind energy distributed application in China are analyzed and proposed in detail. It is pointed out that in the future, China will launch the basic theory research, common technical and scientific research on wind turbine for distributed application, the key components including blades and electrical control system, wind resources assessment and micro-sitting of distributed wind farm, other renewable energy comprehensive utilization with distributed wind energy and so on. Research and development will be carried out in the following items, including wind turbine design for distributed application, the key components such as generator and converter, other renewable energy comprehensive utilization with distributed application of wind energy, optimized design and grid access of distributed wind farms. The demonstration and industrial application in wind turbine and its key components for distributed application will be further promoted. The distributed wind energy utilization will be fully integrated with information technology and internet technology based on cloud computing and big data. The advanced experience and modes are summarized to promote scale development of distributed wind energy. In the paper, technology innovation demand of distributed wind energy application is also analyzed and proposed, which mainly includes basic research of distributed wind energy utilization, the key technology of wind turbine and the key components for distributed utilization, optimized design of distributed wind farms, grid access of distributed wind farms, other renewable energy comprehensive utilization with distributed wind energy, and so on. In order to provide theoretical data for wind turbine design of distributed application, the wind characteristics and model building on the harsh environment, such as high altitude, high temperature, dust storms and typhoons, will be studied. The key technology of wind turbine and the key components for distributed utilization will be researched, mainly containing wind turbine suitable for Chinese environmental characteristics and terrain conditions, advanced blade design, modular design of converter and pitch control system. The research on virtual wind measurement technology of distributed wind farm based on numerical simulation and remote masts will be carried out to point out the optimized design of distributed wind farms for special terrain and special circumstances. The research on voltage and reactive power control, flow control and protection, islanding protection will be carried out when the distributed wind power access to distribution network. A new model of distributed wind energy with other renewable energy comprehensive utilizations will be explored. The system integration technology, key equipment, cooperative control technology of distributed wind energy and other renewable energy comprehensive utilization will be studied. Suggestions of policy guarantee measures are also presented in the paper. According to the resource, project capacity, operation and maintenance of distributed wind energy utilization and development, the tariff policy of distributed wind energy should be elaborately developed. Reasonable amount goal of distributed wind energy development and legitimate power electricity acquisition system should be determined. Market regulation mechanism should be improved. At the same time, renewable energy legal guarantee, integrated management and professional regulatory system should be established and improved. The policies of investment, pricing and power subsidies also should be improved. Through the collaborative innovation of technology, policy and market mechanism, the renewable energy including the distributed wind energy is promoted and plays a better role in the implementation of green low-carbon energy strategy and the development of ecological civilization.