Abstract:At present, there are still more than 70 million impoverished people in China.The transformation development of poverty-stricken regions and the livelihoods improvement of impoverished rural households are directly related to comprehensive realization the grand goal of building moderately prosperous society in 2020.Based on the analysis of basic geographical conditions, this paper probes the geographical generative mechanism of poverty, and explores the regional model and sustainability approach of targeted poverty alleviation and development.This research suggests poverty generative mechanism and poverty alleviation models are obviously regional particularity, and poverty should be alleviated in the progress of regional transformation development during the 13th Five Year Plan.This paper also suggests that in order to achieve the goals of targeted poverty alleviation and development, regional policy system, industrial policy system, and land policy system should be further improved, and transmission mechanism between regional development and poverty alleviation should be established and improved as well.