Abstract:Over the past few decades, rapid developments in biotechnologies and developments in information technologies have combined to produce a tremendous amount of biological information with its potential applications of great economic value and social value. Various forms of contests and cooperation have been undertaken, sometimes obviously but often invisibly, by technologically advanced countries, scientific institutions, and biotechnology industry to collect, store, distribute, disseminate, and interpret biological information. Consequently, the emerging abuse and misuse of biological information have increased the need to strengthen the bio-risk regulation and to protect the individual privacy. The interests on biological information have reshaped the international biosecurity landscape. China have made great progress in bioinformatics and played an active role in international bioinformatics community with great contribution on biological information output. But from the perspective of international security landscape, there are some notable problems unresolved. These include: lack of information security sense; incapacity to implement the necessary standards and sharing regulations for biological information; misuse of critical biological information and indifference of privacy protection; and disadvantage of bioinformatics software. To fully take advantage of biological information, critical measures should be taken. Firstly, a national biodefense strategy and comprehensive policy on bioinformatics should be made, with focus on strict regulation on collection, storage, distribution, dissemination, interpretation, and use of biological information. Secondly, there should be a strategy to prompt government, academics, and industry engagement in bioinformatics R&D and its application. Thirdly, great attention should be paid on bioinformatics software development and bioinformatics infrastructure.