Abstract:The Belt and Road initiative will improve the interconnection among Asian, European and Africa, promote international trade and the optimal allocation of factors of production among the counties along the Belt and Road. There are abundant agricultural resources and many agricultural countries along the Belt and Road. Promoting agricultural international cooperation has great important significance in putting forward the Belt and Road initiative construction, ensuring food security and promoting sustainable development of the Belt and Road even all over the world. This study researched on the spatial pattern of agriculture resources, agricultural development advantages and disadvantagesof the countries along the Belt and Road andthe agricultural trade between these countries and China, and based on this, advancedsome strategies for our country in promoting agriculturalcooperation to the other countries of the Belt and Road which contains: "Land imports", overseas "high-tech green agriculture park" construction and establish "green agriculture international cooperation and developmentalliance of the Belt and Road initiative". And then, we put forward somesafeguard suggestions.