Abstract:Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have manifested an important trend, namely, inspirations from brain science can significantly improve the level of intelligence for AI computational models. With only local and partial inspirations from the brain, great advancements have been achieved. Nevertheless, deeper investigations and inspirations from the brain are needed to realize and exceed humanlevel intelligence. The ultimate goal of brain-inspired intelligence is to bring inspirations from brain structures and information processing mechanisms to brain-inspired cognitive computational models, so as to realize next-generation artificial intelligence models and systems with general intelligence. In this article, we review recent advances and discuss trends of brain-inspired computational models, including new models of artificial neural networks, and cognitive computation models. We also briefly introduce the research of brain-inspired cognitive computation models and methods supported by the strategic priority research project of Chinese Academy of Sciences.