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中国科学院院刊:2017,32(8):863-872
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昆虫共生菌及其在病虫害防控中的应用前景
王四宝, 曲爽
(中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 植物生理生态研究所 上海 200032)
Insect Symbionts and Their Potential Application in Pest and Vector-borne Disease Control
Wang Sibao, Qu Shuang
(Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China)
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投稿时间:2017-07-21    
中文摘要: 昆虫的种类丰富多样,其体内栖息着大量的微生物。这些微生物与宿主昆虫在长期协同进化过程中形成了相互依存的共生关系。共生菌在昆虫的营养、代谢、免疫和生殖等诸多生理功能上发挥着重要作用,因此,昆虫共生菌是昆虫个体的重要组成部分,全面了解昆虫生命活动必须兼顾昆虫共生菌的作用和影响。同时,昆虫共生菌在开发害虫新型生物防治、废弃物生物降解和虫媒传染病的阻断控制手段中具有重要的应用前景。文章综述了昆虫共生菌的多样性、生物学功能、与宿主相互作用的机制及其在病虫害和虫媒传染病防治上的应用,并对未来研究提出展望。
中文关键词: 协同进化  肠道菌群  共生菌  昆虫-微生物互作  共生控制
Abstract:Insects are the most diverse and abundant group of organisms dominating terrestrial habitats, in terms of numbers of species. The evolutionary success of insects and their diversification into a wide range of ecological niches depends in part on the beneficial members of their associated microbiome. The insect is colonized by a complex population of microorganisms in a symbiotic relationship, which vary from bacteria to viruses, yeasts, and protists. These diverse microbial communities provide important physiological functions for the insect hosts in many ways, including provision of nutritional supplements, enhancement of digestive mechanism, tolerance of environmental perturbations, modulation of host immune homeostasis, protection from parasites and pathogens, modulation of vector competence, contribution to inter-and intra-specific communication, and influence of insect mating and reproduction. Conversely, the insect host can affect the microbial community. Therefore, the insect symbionts can no longer be ignored when studying insect biology and host-pathogen interactions. Insect symbionts have become promising in the development of novel tools for the biological control of insect pests, biodegradation of wastes and blocking the transmission of insect-borne diseases. Here, we provide an overview on diversity of insect symbionts, the latest advance in the understanding of symbiotic relationships, interactions between insect and symbionts, and in developing novel strategies for controlling insect pests and vectorborne diseases. Finally, directions for future work are discussed.
keywords: coevolution  gut microbiota  symbiosis  insect-microbe interaction  symbiotic control
文章编号:     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:中科院战略性先导科技专项(XDB11010500),国家自然科学基金(31472044)
作者单位
王四宝 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 植物生理生态研究所 上海 200032 
曲爽 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 植物生理生态研究所 上海 200032 
Author NameAffiliation
Wang Sibao Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China 
Qu Shuang Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China 
引用文本:
王四宝,曲爽.昆虫共生菌及其在病虫害防控中的应用前景[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(8):863-872.
Wang Sibao,Qu Shuang.Insect Symbionts and Their Potential Application in Pest and Vector-borne Disease Control[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,32(8):863-872.
 
 
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