Abstract:Targeted poverty alleviation is a great innovation of theory and mode of poverty alleviation and development in the new era in China. Poverty alleviation is the unification of the government's "supporting" supply-side and the farmers' "poor" demand-side. Accelerating supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation has become an important topic of advancing strategy for poverty alleviation program and upgrading effect of targeted poverty alleviation. According to the practical situation in typical counties, there is insufficient supply, ineffective supply, poor supply in the current work of poverty alleviation. Focused on supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation, this paper summed up difficulties in poverty alleviation from the perspective of relation between supply and demand, put forward supply-side structural system of targeted poverty alleviation, and proposed supply-side structural reform strategy for targeted poverty alleviation. Results show that the supply-side structural system of targeted poverty alleviation is mainly composed of four aspects:policy supply, factor supply, service supply, and product supply. The different levels of supply interconnect, and their precedence order is policy supply, service and product supply, factor supply, and policy supply. The supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation should consider poverty characteristics, marketization laws, and effectiveness of poverty alleviation, and strengthen the process control and achieve the sustainable poverty eradication.