Abstract:Understanding life from the perspective of synthetic biology centers on the design, construction, and characterization of novel biological systems under the engineering design principles. Most catalytic functions in living organisms are performed by enzymes, which serve as one of the most important components in synthetic biology. While the amino acid sequence makes up the primary structure of the protein, the three-dimensional structure of protein determines its biochemical properties. Therefore, researches on biological functionality based on protein structure have become frontiers of the emerging field of synthetic biology. Meanwhile, the development of computational enzyme design algorithms can provide large amounts of prototype molecules for the synthetic biological devices, especially for new chemical catalytic devices, and provide design templates and guidelines for important components in synthetic biology. This study provides a brief overview of new advances in the construction and design of biological components, especially synthetic biological devices in recent years.