Abstract:The outbreak and spreading of animal infectious diseases is one of the key factors that restrict the development of breeding industry in China. Meanwhile, it is also a serious threat to animal food safety, human health, and ecological environment. The outbreak of some deadly animal infectious diseases could even lead to severe impacts to social stability and national security. Hence, the scientific and efficient prevention and control of animal infectious diseases is now highly required for transformation and sustainable development of breeding industry. Based on the importance and historical achievements of animal infectious disease prevention and control, this review provides a brief analysis of current epidemic situation and challenge of animal infectious diseases in China, and offers the key directions for technological innovation in the future.