Abstract:Supercomputing has always been a symbolic indicator of a country's science and technology and its innovate ability. It is also one of the important tools to promote sustainable socio-economic development, industrial transformation and upgrading, and improve people's living standards. With strong national supports, China's supercomputing industry in the past decade has ushered in a stage of rapid development, and reached the global advanced level in certain aspects. This paper reports the observation on the development of China's supercomputing industry in the past decade, and interprets the opportunities and challenges faced by China's supercomputing industry. After analyzing the technological trends of future supercomputing industry development, we provide consulting suggestions for industrial policies towards the coming Exascale computing era.