Abstract:Planetary geology is an interdisciplinary subject that develops from astronomy and geology. This subject mainly studies the formation and evolution of solid celestial bodies in the Solar System such as planets, satellites, asteroids, comets, and planetary rings by using the methods of traditional geology. With the development of planetary exploration, the research field of planetary geology has been expanding, covering planetary lithosphere, planetary surface environment, planetary resources, and the evolution of biological or habitable environment. Planetary geology and planetary exploration complement each other:planetary exploration provides an important research basis for the development of planetary geology, and the new discoveries of planetary geology can well promote the implementation of planetary exploration. However, the development of planetary geology in China is still relatively backward, and there are still many shortcomings in the research platform and scientific team. Planetary geology can help us to know the Earth beyond the Earth, promoting the development of Earth science. With the continuous development of planetary exploration, the constraints of planetary geology are becoming more and more obvious, which requires early layout and vigorous development to meet the urgent needs of discipline development and planetary exploration.