Abstract:In more than 30 years of practice of poverty alleviation through science and technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has always been adhering to the concept of “poverty alleviation through science and technology to enhance the selfhematopoietic function of poverty-stricken areas”. Two main approaches, i.e., “science and technology innovation promotes poverty alleviation” and “science and technology think tank serves macro decision-making”, are focused, poverty alleviation is combined with aspiring ambitions and fostering intelligences, and the combination of theoretical research, technological research and development, and decision-making services is insisted. Having been giving full play of the CAS's advantages of disciplines and platforms, achievements and talents, the poverty alleviation in designated areas has been promoted, and the national poverty alleviation assessment has been supported. Such practices have also actively explored in helping the world in poverty reduction and development, and contributed greatly to the fight against poverty.