Abstract:Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, but so far, the world is not on the right track to achieve SDG 6 targets. In order to change this situation and lead the world to achieve the goal of sustainable water resources management, the United Nations initiated the SDG 6 global acceleration framework including financing, data and information, capacity development, innovation, and governance. From the perspective of data and information that serving SDG 6 target monitoring and evaluation, this study analyzes the current global data progress, the role of Big Earth Data, technology, and the integrated application in SDG 6 target monitoring and evaluation. The study summarizes two problems in the global SDG 6 monitoring and evaluation:1) There is still a lack of sustainably provided high-precision indicator monitoring data set. 2) Lack of operational system integrating data acquisition, indicator calculation and target evaluation. On this basis, the study proposes to establish standardized statistical forms and technical guidelines, to build a system platform for the monitoring and evaluation of all the SDG 6 targets and indicators.