Abstract:Coastal wetlands are the main body of the coastal “blue carbon (C)” ecosystem, and their “blue C” and ecosystem service function are important ocean-based climate change governance methods, which is a “nature-based solution”. Chinese coastal wetlands are dominated by salt marshes, with little area of mangroves, while the area of unvegetated tidal flats is large. According to conservative estimation, the current C sequestration of coastal wetlands through sediment burial in China reaches to 0.97 Tg C·a^-1, and would increase to 1.82-3.64 Tg C·a^-1 at the end of this century. To achieve the commitment of “C neutrality” in 2060, China should strengthen scientific research on coastal wetlands, protect the integrity of the structure and function of the existing coastal wetland ecosystems, stop destructive coastal wetlands development activities, and actively and steadily promote the ecological restoration of coastal wetlands, restore and enhance its “blue C” function, and benefit from C sink gains while protecting the nature.