中国盐穴型战略石油储备库建设的问题及对策

施锡林<sup>1; 2</sup>; 尉欣星<sup>1; 2</sup>; 杨春和<sup>1; 2</sup>; 马洪岭<sup>1; 2</sup>; 李银平<sup>1; 2; 3*</sup>

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投稿时间：2022-11-20

中文摘要: 石油是重要的战略能源，建立充足的石油储备是保障国家政治、经济和国防安全的重大需求。我国石油对外依存度已连续3年超过70%，并且石油储备量也极低。地下盐穴是国际公认的石油大规模储备的优良场所，欧美发达国家在20世纪已建成多个盐穴储油库群，建设盐穴储油有望成为破解我国石油危机的有效途径。文章调研了国外盐穴储油现状，揭示了我国战略石油储备存在的问题，分析了我国盐穴储油的技术、资源和交通等优势条件，提出了我国建设盐穴型战略石油储备的建议。研究表明，我国石油输运管道发达、盐穴储油技术储备充足、工程经验丰富，且建库所需的盐矿地质资源充足，可以在短期内建成大规模盐穴型战略石油储备库。

中文关键词: 能源战略石油盐穴储油库问题对策

Abstract:Oil is an important strategic energy source, and the establishment of sufficient oil storage is a major need to ensure the political, economic and national defense security of the country. China's outer dependence for oil has exceeded 70% for three consecutive years, but the oil storage is extremely low. Underground salt caverns are internationally recognized as excellent places for large-scale oil storage, developed countries in Europe and the United States have built several salt cavern oil storages in the last century. The construction of salt cavern oil storage is expected to become an effective way to solve China's oil crisis. This study investigates the current situation of foreign salt cavern oil storage, reveals the problems of China's strategic oil storage, analyzes the advantageous conditions of China's salt cavern oil storage in terms of technology, resources, and transportation, and puts forward suggestions for building salt cavern-type strategic oil storage in China. The study shows that China has developed oil transportation pipelines, adequate of salt cavern oil storage, rich engineering experience, and sufficient geological resources of salt mine required for storage construction. China can build a large-scale salt cavern-type strategic oil storage in a short period of time.

keywords: energy strategy oil salt cavern oil storage problems countermeasures

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基金项目:国家优秀青年科学基金（52122403），中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）培育项目（XDPB21），中国科学院青年创新促进会人才项目（2019324）

作者	单位
施锡林^1,2	中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室武汉 430071 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京 100049
尉欣星^1,2	中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室武汉 430071 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京 100049
杨春和^1,2	中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室武汉 430071 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京 100049
马洪岭^1,2	中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室武汉 430071 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京 100049
李银平^1,2,3*	中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室武汉 430071 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京 100049 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所环境岩土工程湖北省重点实验室武汉 430071

Author Name	Affiliation
SHI Xilin^1,2	State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
WEI Xinxing^1,2	State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
YANG Chunhe^1,2	State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
MA Hongling^1,2	State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
LI Yinping^1,2,3*	State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Hubei Key Laboratory of Geo-environmental Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China

引用文本：
施锡林,尉欣星,杨春和,马洪岭,李银平.中国盐穴型战略石油储备库建设的问题及对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2023,38(1):99-111.
SHI Xilin,WEI Xinxing,YANG Chunhe,MA Hongling,LI Yinping.Problems and Countermeasures for Construction of China's Salt Cavern Type Strategic Oil Storage[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2023,38(1):99-111.