Abstract:This study starts with the new requirements for the popularization of science put forward at the 20th National Congress of the CPC, and proposes the development ideas for modernizing the popularization of science. It is deeply analyzed the dialectical relationship between the popularization of science and modernization with Chinese characteristics, sorted out how the popularization of science has strongly supported and promoted modernization with Chinese characteristics in history, studied the new situation and problems facing scientific innovation and popularization in the current process of modernization, and put forward the direction for innovative development of the popularization of science in the new era under the guidance of the goal of modernization with Chinese characteristics. The connotation and scope of modernizing the popularization of science are systematically expounded, and five essential characteristics are proposed:modernizing goals, systems, coordination, mechanisms, and means. Furthermore, from three aspects:the vigorous development of undertakings for the popularization of science, the full satisfaction of public demand, the complete and efficient system for the popularization of science, the smooth transformation of innovation achievements, the deeply rooted scientific culture, and the continuous optimization of innovation environment, the vision and goal for modernizing the popularization of science are put forward. Based on this, the construction ideas and implementation paths for modernizing the popularization of science are proposed.