Abstract:Open science is thriving and driving a global paradigm shift in scientific research. Open science governance is designated to gradually increase the transparency and global participation in the process of scientific and technological progress, ensure low-cost openness around the world, accelerate the global dissemination and sharing of results, and improve the scientific and humanistic literacy of the people. With the development trend of open science becoming more and more powerful, a series of challenges emerge gradually. By analyzing and studying the open science governance framework model, it helps to further sort out the governance logic, clarify the governance subjects and governance mechanisms, which will effectively promote the construction of open science governance system, accelerate the development of science and technology, help China become one of the leaders of the global knowledge community in 2040–2050, and promote the realization of the strategic goal of becoming a world power in science and technology.