Abstract:In the context of major-power interactions, science and technology has increasingly become the main battleground and the inevitable place of competition among major powers. The new scientific and technological revolution will reshape the growth and decline of the economic competitiveness of countries and the global competition pattern. In order to compete for the increasingly competitive scientific and technological commanding heights, the United States clones the successful Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which has been active and achieved many scientific and technological innovation achievements. Now, the United States plans to promote the establishment of agencies, such as the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H), the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Climate (ARPA-C), and the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Infrastructure (ARPA-I). The United States adopts task-oriented research and a highly flexible management model to accelerate the development of emerging and cutting-edge technologies to achieve major breakthroughs, and strives to grasp the initiative of global science and technology competition. We briefly describe the three DARPAlike agencies mentioned above, and take ARPA-H as an example. Then, we introduce its establishment background, mission, organizational framework, operation mechanism, and financing. We analyze the risks and challenges faced by ARPA-H as a new DARPA-like agency, and summarize the management enlightenment. Finally, we provide several policy suggestions for China's management innovation of disruptive technological projects.