Abstract:In September 2022, the President of the People’s Republic of China visited Uzbekistan for the first time after the epidemic. In the subsequent joint statement between China and Uzbekistan, China welcomed the adoption of the Aral Sea initiative proposed by Uzbekistan at the General Assembly of the United Nations. The two sides expressed their willingness to actively promote synergy between the Global Development Initiative and projects related to improving the ecological, economic, and social environment of the Aral Sea region under the framework of the United Nations. In this context, this paper describes the current situation of the Aral Sea crisis with a quantitative method and summarizes the necessity and significance of China’s participation in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea using the literature analysis method. The author believes that China has favorable conditions in terms of policies and mechanisms, funds, talents and cooperation foundation in participating in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea, and suggests that under the principle of win-win cooperation, overall coordination, and doing something and leaving something undone, starting from exploring scientific issues and improving people’s livelihood, taking desertification combating, water and soil conservation, modern agricultural technology, and the promotion and utilization of new energy as the starting point, and using China’s wisdom, experience and strength in participating in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea, promoting the development of the green Aral Sea, effectively deepening China’s scientific and technological cooperation with Central Asia, and providing scientific and technological support for the construction of a community with a shared future for China-Central Asia and even high-quality development of the Belt and Road.