Abstract:China has made remarkable achievements in combating desertification over the past 70 years. At present, China has entered a new stage of combating desertification while facing many problems such as large desertification land base and high difficulty in combating desertification, and it is more important to meet the national strategic needs of ecological construction, rural revitalization, and the development and utilization of renewable energy in desert, Gobi, and wasteland areas. The strategic choice of combating desertification in China in the new era is overall improvement and key breakthroughs. The core of the strategy is whole-area governance, innovation-driven, and technology integration. The institutional arrangement of preferential policies is to fully implement the “one desert, four mechanisms” (cultivation, prevention, combating, and utilization), make every effort to win the “three iconic battles” of the “Three-North” battle, give priority to the implementation of key demonstration projects, and accelerate the update of policy. A new engine of science and technology will be built to improve the quality and efficiency for combating desertification, draw a bright vision of Chinese-style modernization featuring integration of production, life, and ecology and harmonization between human being and desert, and promote the “Chinese solution” of combating desertification to benefit the whole world.