Abstract:By studying the technological innovation and industrial development process of semiconductor, digital computer and radio, this study analyzes the path, conditions and force of science-based technological innovation and its industrialization, establishes a chain reaction model of large-scale technological innovation and diffusion, and compares it with market-based technological innovation. It is found that the large-scale aggregation of scientific research institutions and industrial laboratories accelerates the speed of technological innovation, and diffuses along two paths of scientific research institutions to enterprises and enterprises to enterprises, forming a chain reaction of large-scale technological innovation. Strategic demand is the basic driving force for the establishment of technology-based industries, and the major scientific project creates critical conditions for the chain reaction. The total amount of regional resources and talents is the boundary condition of the innovation scale, and market demand is the basic driving force for the large-scale and leading technology industry. The research conclusion further improves the theory of industry-university collaborative innovation, which has important enlightening significance for China’s current scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading.