(1.Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2.Qomolangma Station for Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shigatse 858200, China;3.School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;4.School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;5.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)
Abstract:The Himalayan region, represented by Mount Qomolangma, is not only a typical area where special atmospheric processes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are concentrated, but also an important research area for climate, ecology, and environmental changes. The Qomolangma Station for Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (abbreviated as QOMS) is located in the core area of Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve. It is dedicated to studying the complex terrain mountain atmospheric processes and environmental changes of the Third Pole of the Earth, focusing on the land-atmosphere interaction process on the TP under the background of climate change. Based on long-term positioning monitoring and field scientific observations of surface, atmosphere, environment, glaciers, ecology, and geophysical processes, a comprehensive land-atmosphere interaction observation system over the TP represented by QOMS has been developed and designed. Key parameters of surface features that influence the material and energy exchange between land and atmosphere in this region have been identified. The interaction processes between complex mountainous terrain of the plateau and the westerly large-scale atmospheric circulation and its impact on the development of the atmospheric boundary layer have been revealed. Remote sensing inversion algorithms and parameterization schemes for estimating surface energy fluxes in the region have been developed and verified, and a theory of pointface combination for satellite remote sensing inversion of complex land surface water and heat flux on the TP has been established. The establishment of the multi-time and space, multi-means, high-precision, and multi-element integrated observation platform has significantly improved the meteorological observation capabilities of the TP, especially in the Qomolangma region. It not only provides basic data for in-depth systematized research on the Earth system of the TP, but also makes up for long-term observation deficiencies on the plateau and has made QOMS an irreplaceable base for global Earth system science research in the Himalayan region, providing a support platform for understanding the role of the TP in global change and its response to global change.
引用文本：
马伟强,马耀明,谢志鹏,陈学龙,王宾宾,韩存博,李茂善,仲雷,孙方林,王忠彦,席振华,刘莲,马彬,胡伟.喜马拉雅山区大气与环境综合观测研究支撑青藏高原地球系统科学发展[J].中国科学院院刊,2023,38(10):1561-1571.
MA Weiqiang,MA Yaoming,XIE Zhipeng,CHEN Xuelong,WANG Binbin,HAN Cunbo,LI Maoshan,ZHONG Lei,SUN Fanglin,WANG Zhongyan,XI Zhenhua,LIU Lian,MA Bin,HU Wei.Comprehensive atmospheric and environmental observations in the Himalayan region advances development of Earth system science on the Tibetan Plateau[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2023,38(10):1561-1571.
