Abstract:The state key laboratory is an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength. The CPC Central Committee made a major decision to reorganize the state key laboratory system, proposed to increase investment in the reorganized state key laboratory, and to reform support policies. Aiming to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels, studying the funds allocation of state key laboratory in the new era has important practical and far-reaching significance. In the previous practice, China’s allocation of funds for state key laboratory has 4 problems, such as weak correlation between fund allocation and the mission orientation of institutions, high proportion of competitive funds, and so on. The restructured state key laboratory has 6 characteristics, including clear positioning and mission oriented. In order to solve the problem of adaptation between the previous situation of funding allocation and the characteristics and funding needs of the current state key laboratories after restructuring, learn from the useful experience of allocation of science and technology funding resources in European and American national laboratory system, based on China’s national conditions, 6 targeted measures and suggestions are proposed, including competition ahead, horizontal coordination and vertical coordination to strengthen resource allocation, and so on, for providing reference for science and technology policy formulation and laboratory restructuring.