Abstract:The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau plays an important role as an ecological security barrier for China and the world, where the ecological environment has generally improved in recent years. Nevertheless, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau still faces management challenges in dealing with the three relationships, namely, key problems and coordinated governance, natural recovery and artificial restoration, and high-quality development and high-level protection. This study proposes the application of “Nature-based Solutions” for adaptive management, including the implementation of ecological protection and restoration planning based on the “three-scale framework”, the ecological protection and restoration projects adaptation management under climate change and human disturbance based on quantitative ecological monitoring, assessment and early warning data, and the participation of local communities in ecological protection and restoration based on stakeholder synergy governance. Thus, the nature-based optimization and management on integrated ecological conservation and restoration of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau can be realized.