Abstract:This study summarizes the development path of the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), including the developmental trajectories of disciplines and the institutional reform at specific historical opportunities. It also overviews the CEMPS’s strategic orientation (setting sights on the global frontiers of science and technology and the major needs of the country), the scientific achievements, and the core spirits of scientists, thus to provide references to the reform, innovation, and development of scientific research institutions in relevant fields.