Abstract:ChatGPT is a typical application in the field of natural language processing, with the potential to empower and revolutionize education. It can serve not only as a digital tutor for students but also as a virtual assistant for teachers, driving the transformation of student learning methods and teaching paradigms. Additionally, ChatGPT shows a wide range of applications in the research field. However, while bringing opportunities for educational development, ChatGPT also poses ethical risks and challenges to educational equity. Firstly, ChatGPT may exacerbate the digital divide, leading to unequal educational opportunities. Secondly, it presents risks such as knowledge alienation, algorithmic black-box issues, algorithmic discrimination, personal privacy concerns, and data breaches, all of which can undermine the fairness of the educational process. Moreover, ChatGPT might hinder the holistic development of students, weaken teacher-student relationships, and raise issues of academic integrity, thereby impeding the achievement of equitable educational outcomes. Lastly, ChatGPT may also impact the professional development of teachers. To effectively address these ethical risks and challenges, a series of measures are proposed to promote the deep integration of ChatGPT technology with education, aiming to ensure its reasonable application in the educational field.