Abstract:China is in a new stage of development of Chinese-style modernization, and the construction of modern cities plays a leading role in the process of modernization. Urban science is an important direction that urban researchers has been exploring, and the construction of modern cities needs the guidance of China’s urban science theory. On the basis of summarizing the basic characteristics of urban science, this study draws on the frontier progress of urban science both domestically and internationally, this study proposes definitions of China’s urban science, and constructs a theoretical framework with four dimensions, namely, ideological guidance, theoretical evidence-based approach, practical actions, and digital technology. Focusing on the objectives of modern city development and incorporating essential issues to be addressed in urban practice, this study puts forward a basic roadmap for China’s urban science, aiming to improve its theoretical framework and methodology of China’s urban science.