Abstract:Facing the immense challenges of sci-tech transformation, the national urgent needs for building a world power of science and technology, and the strong inertia of its institutional development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has practiced the new reform paradigm, and launched a prudent and resolute, partial and systematic, unified and diverse exploration of sci-tech reform. Firstly, based on the structural paradigm theory proposed by the preceding work, this study introduces CAS’ endeavor to clarify the vision of “seizing the commanding heights of science and technology”, shape multiple structural tensions, and build dual-track reform framework. Secondly, it presents the practice that CAS applied “constructivist”, “ecological” and “nurturing” reform modes to coordinate the research institutes reform by the reorganization of state key laboratories, and to drive the cultural and ecological construction by deepening the reform of academician system. Thirdly, it also summarizes the reform effectiveness and problems, and puts forward suggestions of the dual-track reform on the basis of the J-Curve stage theory. Finally, it is emphasized that the structural reform of CAS is not only the inevitable choice for its own survival and development, but also the pioneering exploration for the national sci-tech development and reform aiming at building China into a world power of science and technology.