Abstract:In order to better serve China’s crewed lunar exploration, this study researched and analyzed the current status of lunar exploration and planetary science research in China and the United States. Additionally, we conducted interviews and a questionnaire survey with experts in planetary science and deep-space exploration, and formed the following four policy recommendations: 1) Strengthening the layout and management of the disciplines of lunar and planetary sciences, and setting up a long-term and stable funding mechanism; 2) Improving the system of talent cultivation, and encouraging young talents to participate in deep-space exploration missions; 3) Strengthening the protection of original ideas, and promoting the sharing of exploration data and samples; 4) Coordinating the scientific planning of crewed and robotic lunar exploration, and laying out the key technologies in a staged approach and long-term manner. This study not only serves the scientific research on crewed lunar exploration, but also provides essential references for the development of planetary science and the formulation of relevant scientific and technological policies in China.