Abstract:Autonomous machine computing, an innovative blend of algorithms, software, and cutting-edge computing hardware, is poised to be the next major paradigm shift in the global economy, following personal, mobile, and cloud computing. This study delves into the research and commercialization of the robotics industry, underscoring the critical importance of establishing a comprehensive autonomous machine computing ecosystem. This study argues that autonomous machine computing necessitates a complete ecosystem that encompasses applications, programming languages, and the foundational hardware architectures, and presents a comprehensive review of significant research contributions across these areas. Moreover, the study explores the synergy between autonomous machine computing and advancements in semiconductor technology, highlighting how such technological strides will significantly broaden the capabilities of robots, particularly in terms of sensing, computing, and communication. Looking ahead, the authors predict that within the next decade, autonomous machine computing will deeply integrate into all societal sectors, profoundly influencing the global economy. From enhancing smart homes to revolutionizing healthcare, agriculture, and beyond, robotics computing is set to be the linchpin of innovation, opening up unprecedented business opportunities while substantially elevating the quality of life. Consequently, promptly defining and advancing the architecture of autonomous machine computing is crucial for positioning our nation at the forefront of the global robotics industry’s major breakthroughs and developments over the coming decade.