Abstract:There are abundant strategic mineral resources as oil, gas, iron ore, copper, and nickel in the Arctic region. If the Arctic routes can be opened in the future, they will become another important transportation channels connecting the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, following the Panama Canal and the Suez Canal, which may reshape the world’s maritime trade and transportation pattern. With the development of science and technology, increase in mineral resources consumption and changes in the international environment, the strategic position of the Arctic region is increasingly elevated, and the United States, Russia and some other countries of the European Union are engaging in fierce competition in above-mentioned region. At present, the Arctic continent is owned by eight Arctic countries and territorial sovereignty is clear. However, there still is a development space in public sea. In the future, there will be many strategic opportunities for China in areas of energy and minerals development and utilization, expanding new resources space, reshaping maritime transport channel, becoming a minerals and maritime power of the world, improving resource security level, and enhancing international status. It is necessary to strengthen research on participating in international affairs and exploiting energy and minerals in the Arctic region, which lays foundation for national development.