Abstract:The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to promote the integrated reform of the systems and mechanisms of education, science and technology, and talent as a whole, and required to improve the indigenous development of leading scientific and technological talents. The rapid changing innovation and political environment and the new development of the national strategic needs pose new challenges and requirements to the talent development in the field of science and engineering. Consideration of the situation of a nation’s strategic demands and economic environment, innovation should be included in the new paradigm and the new underlying logic of education. It should take moral education and talent development as the fundamental task, be oriented by the national strategic needs, adapt to the changing circumstance and follow the educational rules of high-quality innovative talents in the practice process of high-level scientific and technological innovation, and reform the goals, subjects, and evaluation criteria of cultivating scientific and technological innovative talents. At the end of the article, some strategic issues are presented.